The Astra MK-2 beyond visual range air-to-air missile (BVRAAM) is poised to enter user trials with the Indian Air Force’s Su-30MKI aircraft imminently, marking a significant milestone in India’s indigenous missile development program.
Developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), the Astra MK-2 is an advanced variant of the Astra missile family, featuring cutting-edge technologies such as a dual-pulse solid rocket motor, which provides enhanced energy management and manoeuvrability during the missile’s terminal engagement phase.
This capability notably expands its “no-escape zone,” ensuring greater lethality against highly agile enemy aircraft.
The missile is designed to engage hostile aerial targets at ranges between 140 to 160 kilometres, significantly surpassing the Astra MK-1’s range of up to 110 kilometres. This extended range places the Astra MK-2 on par with some of the world’s leading air-to-air missiles like the American AIM-120D AMRAAM and the Chinese PL-15, contributing a strategic boost to India’s air superiority capabilities.
Its active electronically scanned array (AESA) seeker, developed indigenously by DRDO, offers high precision targeting and resistance to electronic countermeasures, crucial for modern air combat against advanced enemy fighters such as the Pakistani JF-17 Block-III and the Chinese J-10C.
The integration of the Astra MK-2 missile with the Su-30MKI leverages the fighter’s advanced avionics and fire-control systems, ideally positioning it as a platform to exploit the missile’s full potential. Extensive captive and flight trials on the Su-30MKI have already validated the missile’s aerodynamic and performance characteristics.
These include previous tests of the Astra MK-1 and preliminary Astra MK-2 tests that demonstrated successful launches and target interceptions at varying ranges.
Reports from mid-2025 confirm that the Astra MK-2 is in its final phases of testing and has entered limited series production, with the Indian Ministry of Defence planning dual production lines to meet anticipated demand across multiple platforms including the Su-30MKI, TEJAS MK-1A, Rafale, and MiG-29K. User trials combining operational evaluations with the Su-30MKI are expected to complete by 2026, paving the way for full-scale induction by 2027.
The user trials with the Su-30MKI aircraft will involve rigorous evaluations under diverse conditions to validate the missile’s performance parameters against high-speed, manoeuvring targets, ensuring reliable operational readiness.
