The Defense Research and Development Organization’s (DRDO) fuel-cell-based Air Independent Propulsion (AIP) system is slated to be installed on INS Khanderi during its refit at Mazagon Dock Shipbuilders Ltd. in mid-2027, marking an important milestone in Indian submarine technology.
The modernized submarine is anticipated to start sea trials in July or August of 2027, with entry into operational service scheduled for 2028, according to Defense Secretary Rajesh Kumar Singh.
The first ship to be equipped with the domestic AIP system will be INS Khanderi, the second submarine in the Indian Navy’s Kalvari-class fleet. The installation of an AIP module during the submarine’s repair program is one of the significant changes that will be part of the integration procedure.
The fuel-cell-based AIP technology, created by DRDO’s Naval Materials Research Laboratory, allows a traditional diesel-electric submarine to produce electricity while submerged. This greatly improves stealth, survivability, and underwater endurance by eliminating the need to surface or utilize a snorkel for battery charging.
The domestic system is regarded as a significant step toward bolstering India’s independence in cutting-edge undersea combat technologies.
Due to development schedules, INS Khanderi was chosen as the first platform for operational integration instead of INS Kalvari, the class’s lead submarine.
The widespread implementation of domestic AIP technology throughout India’s conventional submarine fleet will be made possible by successful sea testing in 2027.
In India’s long-term efforts to improve undersea warfare capabilities and lessen reliance on imported propulsion technologies, the project represents a significant advancement.
